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Dental procedures called root canals, sometimes called endodontic therapy, are used to treat infections or damage inside a tooth’s pulp. When the pulp gets infected or inflamed because of severe decay, trauma, or other problems, it contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. The pulp is the interior part of the tooth.
The dentist or endodontist extracts the diseased or infected pulp from the inside of the tooth during a root canal treatment. After that, the tooth is sealed, cleansed, and disinfected to prevent infection. Sometimes, a crown may be placed on the tooth to provide additional strength and protection.
Root canal treatment aims to save the natural tooth and alleviate pain and discomfort associated with the infection. It is often preferable to extraction as it helps maintain the structure and function of the tooth, preventing the need for a dental implant or bridge.
A root canal is typically needed when a tooth’s pulp becomes infected or inflamed. This may happen for a number of reasons:
Severe Decay: If tooth decay is left untreated, it can progress deep into the tooth and reach the pulp, leading to infection.
Trauma: Physical trauma to a tooth, such as a crack or fracture, can expose the pulp to bacteria, causing infection or inflammation.
Dental Procedures: Repeated dental procedures on a tooth, such as multiple fillings or restorations, can eventually damage the pulp, necessitating a root canal.
Cracked Tooth Syndrome: Sometimes, a tooth may have a hairline crack that extends into the pulp, causing pain and requiring root canal treatment.
Dental Abscess: A dental abscess, a pus-filled pocket caused by a bacterial infection, can form at the root of a tooth, leading to pulp infection.
A root canal can last a lifetime if done well and if the tooth is correctly cared for afterwards. However, factors like the treatment’s quality, the tooth’s condition, and oral hygiene can affect its longevity. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices can help maintain the health of the treated tooth.
Pain perception during a root canal procedure can vary from person to person. However, with modern techniques and anaesthesia, many people report little to no pain during the procedure itself. Local anaesthesia is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding area, ensuring the patient is comfortable throughout the process.
After the procedure, it’s common to experience some discomfort or mild soreness, but this can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain medication. The pain associated with a root canal is often no worse than a routine dental filling.
Root canal treatment becomes necessary when the pulp (the innermost part of the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels) becomes infected or inflamed due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures, or trauma. It’s aimed at saving a severely damaged or infected tooth that might otherwise need extraction.
Root canal treatment offers the optimal solution for preserving your natural teeth, even in cases of severe decay.
Yes, a crown is often necessary after root canal treatment. After the infected or damaged pulp is removed and the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed, the tooth may become more brittle over time. A crown (or cap) provides strength and protection, preventing the tooth from fracturing and restoring its function and appearance.
Advancements in root canal treatment have significantly improved its success rate and patient experience:
Technology: Modern tools like rotary instruments and electronic apex locators enhance precision and efficiency.
Materials: The use of biocompatible materials like gutta-percha and advanced sealants improves outcomes.
Pain Management: Better anaesthesia techniques and medications minimize discomfort during and after treatment.
Microscope Use: Enhanced visualization through microscopes aids in thorough cleaning and reduces the risk of reinfection.
